--- title: Opcode untuk EVM description: Daftar semua opcode yang tersedia untuk mesin virtual Ethereum. lang: id --- ## Ikhtisar Ini adalah versi yang diperbarui dari halaman referensi EVM di [wolflo/evm-opcodes](https://github.com/wolflo/evm-opcodes). Juga diambil dari [Kertas Kuning](https://ethereum.github.io/yellowpaper/paper.pdf), [Jello Paper](https://jellopaper.org/evm/), dan implementasi [geth](https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum). Ini dimaksudkan sebagai referensi yang mudah diakses, tetapi tidak terlalu ketat. Jika Anda ingin memastikan kebenaran dan mengetahui setiap kasus ekstrem, disarankan untuk menggunakan Jello Paper atau implementasi klien. Mencari referensi interaktif? Kunjungi [evm.codes](https://www.evm.codes/). Untuk operasi dengan biaya gas dinamis, lihat [gas.md](https://github.com/wolflo/evm-opcodes/blob/main/gas.md). 💡 Tip cepat: Untuk melihat seluruh baris, gunakan `[shift] + scroll` untuk menggulir secara horizontal di desktop. | Stack | Nama | Gas | Stack Awal | Stack Hasil | Mem / Penyimpanan | Catatan | | :---: | :------------- | :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------: | :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | :------------------------------ | :---------------------------------------------------------------------------- | :--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | 00 | STOP | 0 | | | | menghentikan eksekusi | | 01 | ADD | 3 | `a, b` | `a + b` | | penambahan (u)int256 modulo 2**256 | | 02 | MUL | 5 | `a, b` | `a * b` | | perkalian (u)int256 modulo 2**256 | | 03 | SUB | 3 | `a, b` | `a - b` | | pengurangan (u)int256 modulo 2**256 | | 04 | DIV | 5 | `a, b` | `a // b` | | pembagian uint256 | | 05 | SDIV | 5 | `a, b` | `a // b` | | pembagian int256 | | 06 | MOD | 5 | `a, b` | `a % b` | | modulus uint256 | | 07 | SMOD | 5 | `a, b` | `a % b` | | modulus int256 | | 08 | ADDMOD | 8 | `a, b, N` | `(a + b) % N` | | penambahan (u)int256 modulo N | | 09 | MULMOD | 8 | `a, b, N` | `(a * b) % N` | | perkalian (u)int256 modulo N | | 0A | EXP | [A1](https://github.com/wolflo/evm-opcodes/blob/main/gas.md#a1-exp) | `a, b` | `a ** b` | | eksponensiasi uint256 modulo 2**256 | | 0B | SIGNEXTEND | 5 | `b, x` | `SIGNEXTEND(x, b)` | | [perluasan tanda (sign extend)](https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Sign_extension) `x` dari `(b+1)` bita menjadi 32 bita | | 0C-0F | _tidak valid_ | | 10 | LT | 3 | `a, b` | `a < b` | | uint256 kurang dari | | 11 | GT | 3 | `a, b` | `a > b` | | uint256 lebih dari | | 12 | SLT | 3 | `a, b` | `a < b` | | int256 kurang dari | | 13 | SGT | 3 | `a, b` | `a > b` | | int256 lebih dari | | 14 | EQ | 3 | `a, b` | `a == b` | | kesamaan (u)int256 | | 15 | ISZERO | 3 | `a` | `a == 0` | | (u)int256 iszero | | 16 | AND | 3 | `a, b` | `a && b` | | AND bitwise | | 17 | OR | 3 | `a, b` | `a || b` | | OR bitwise | | 18 | XOR | 3 | `a, b` | `a ^ b` | | XOR bitwise | | 19 | NOT | 3 | `a` | `~a` | | NOT bitwise | | 1A | BYTE | 3 | `i, x` | `(x >> (248 - i * 8)) && 0xFF` | | bita ke-`i` dari (u)int256 `x`, dari kiri | | 1B | SHL | 3 | `shift, val` | `val << shift` | | geser ke kiri | | 1C | SHR | 3 | `shift, val` | `val >> shift` | | geser logis ke kanan | | 1D | SAR | 3 | `shift, val` | `val >> shift` | | geser aritmatika ke kanan | | 1E-1F | _tidak valid_ | | 20 | KECCAK256 | [A2](https://github.com/wolflo/evm-opcodes/blob/main/gas.md#a2-sha3) | `ost, len` | `keccak256(mem[ost:ost+len-1])` | | keccak256 | | 21-2F | _tidak valid_ | | 30 | ADDRESS | 2 | `.` | `address(this)` | | alamat dari kontrak yang dieksekusi | | 31 | BALANCE | [A5](https://github.com/wolflo/evm-opcodes/blob/main/gas.md#a5-balance-extcodesize-extcodehash) | `addr` | `addr.balance` | | saldo, dalam Wei | | 32 | ORIGIN | 2 | `.` | `tx.origin` | | alamat yang memulai transaksi | | 33 | CALLER | 2 | `.` | `msg.sender` | | alamat pengirim pesan (msg sender) | | 34 | CALLVALUE | 2 | `.` | `msg.value` | | nilai pesan (msg value), dalam Wei | | 35 | CALLDATALOAD | 3 | `idx` | `msg.data[idx:idx+32]` | | baca kata (word) dari data pesan pada indeks `idx` | | 36 | CALLDATASIZE | 2 | `.` | `len(msg.data)` | | panjang data pesan, dalam bita | | 37 | CALLDATACOPY | [A3](https://github.com/wolflo/evm-opcodes/blob/main/gas.md#a3-copy-operations) | `dstOst, ost, len` | `.` | mem[dstOst:dstOst+len-1] := msg.data[ost:ost+len-1] | salin data pesan | | 38 | CODESIZE | 2 | `.` | `len(this.code)` | | panjang kode kontrak yang dieksekusi, dalam bita | | 39 | CODECOPY | [A3](https://github.com/wolflo/evm-opcodes/blob/main/gas.md#a3-copy-operations) | `dstOst, ost, len` | `.` | | mem[dstOst:dstOst+len-1] := this.code[ost:ost+len-1] | salin kode bita kontrak yang dieksekusi | | 3A | GASPRICE | 2 | `.` | `tx.gasprice` | | harga gas transaksi, dalam Wei per unit gas [**](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1559#gasprice) | | 3B | EXTCODESIZE | [A5](https://github.com/wolflo/evm-opcodes/blob/main/gas.md#a5-balance-extcodesize-extcodehash) | `addr` | `len(addr.code)` | | ukuran kode pada alamat, dalam bita | | 3C | EXTCODECOPY | [A4](https://github.com/wolflo/evm-opcodes/blob/main/gas.md#a4-extcodecopy) | `addr, dstOst, ost, len` | `.` | mem[dstOst:dstOst+len-1] := addr.code[ost:ost+len-1] | salin kode dari `addr` | | 3D | RETURNDATASIZE | 2 | `.` | `size` | | ukuran data yang dikembalikan dari panggilan eksternal terakhir, dalam bita | | 3E | RETURNDATACOPY | [A3](https://github.com/wolflo/evm-opcodes/blob/main/gas.md#a3-copy-operations) | `dstOst, ost, len` | `.` | mem[dstOst:dstOst+len-1] := returndata[ost:ost+len-1] | salin data yang dikembalikan dari panggilan eksternal terakhir | | 3F | EXTCODEHASH | [A5](https://github.com/wolflo/evm-opcodes/blob/main/gas.md#a5-balance-extcodesize-extcodehash) | `addr` | `hash` | | hash = addr.exists ? keccak256(addr.code) : 0 | | 40 | BLOCKHASH | 20 | `blockNum` | `blockHash(blockNum)` | | | 41 | COINBASE | 2 | `.` | `block.coinbase` | | alamat pengusul blok saat ini | | 42 | TIMESTAMP | 2 | `.` | `block.timestamp` | | stempel waktu blok saat ini | | 43 | NUMBER | 2 | `.` | `block.number` | | nomor blok saat ini | | 44 | PREVRANDAO | 2 | `.` | `randomness beacon` | | suar keacakan (randomness beacon) | | 45 | GASLIMIT | 2 | `.` | `block.gaslimit` | | batas gas blok saat ini | | 46 | CHAINID | 2 | `.` | `chain_id` | | dorong [ID rantai](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-155) saat ini ke stack | | 47 | SELFBALANCE | 5 | `.` | `address(this).balance` | | saldo kontrak yang dieksekusi, dalam Wei | | 48 | BASEFEE | 2 | `.` | `block.basefee` | | biaya dasar blok saat ini | | 49 | BLOBHASH | 3 | `idx` | `tx.blob_versioned_hashes[idx]` | | [EIP-4844](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-4844) | | 4A | BLOBBASEFEE | 2 | `.` | `block.blobbasefee` | | biaya dasar blob blok saat ini ([EIP-7516](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-7516)) | | 4B-4F | _tidak valid_ | | 50 | POP | 2 | `_anon` | `.` | | hapus item dari atas stack dan buang | | 51 | MLOAD | 3[*](https://github.com/wolflo/evm-opcodes/blob/main/gas.md#a0-1-memory-expansion) | `ost` | `mem[ost:ost+32]` | | baca kata (word) dari memori pada offset `ost` | | 52 | MSTORE | 3[*](https://github.com/wolflo/evm-opcodes/blob/main/gas.md#a0-1-memory-expansion) | `ost, val` | `.` | mem[ost:ost+32] := val | tulis sebuah kata (word) ke memori | | 53 | MSTORE8 | 3[*](https://github.com/wolflo/evm-opcodes/blob/main/gas.md#a0-1-memory-expansion) | `ost, val` | `.` | mem[ost] := val && 0xFF | tulis satu bita ke memori | | 54 | SLOAD | [A6](https://github.com/wolflo/evm-opcodes/blob/main/gas.md#a6-sload) | `key` | `storage[key]` | | baca kata (word) dari penyimpanan | | 55 | SSTORE | [A7](https://github.com/wolflo/evm-opcodes/blob/main/gas.md#a7-sstore) | `key, val` | `.` | storage[key] := val | tulis kata (word) ke penyimpanan | | 56 | JUMP | 8 | `dst` | `.` | | `$pc := dst` tandai bahwa `pc` hanya ditetapkan jika `dst` adalah jumpdest yang valid | | 57 | JUMPI | 10 | `dst, condition` | `.` | | `$pc := condition ? dst : $pc + 1` | | 58 | PC | 2 | `.` | `$pc` | | penghitung program (program counter) | | 59 | MSIZE | 2 | `.` | `len(mem)` | | ukuran memori dalam konteks eksekusi saat ini, dalam bita | | 5A | GAS | 2 | `.` | `gasRemaining` | | | 5B | JUMPDEST | 1 | | | tandai tujuan lompatan yang valid | tujuan lompatan yang valid misalnya tujuan lompatan yang tidak berada di dalam data push | | 5C | TLOAD | 100 | `key` | `tstorage[key]` | | baca kata (word) dari penyimpanan sementara ([EIP-1153](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1153)) | | 5D | TSTORE | 100 | `key, val` | `.` | tstorage[key] := val | tulis kata (word) ke penyimpanan sementara ([EIP-1153](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1153)) | | 5E | MCOPY | 3+3*words+[A0](https://github.com/wolflo/evm-opcodes/blob/main/gas.md#a0-1-memory-expansion) | `dstOst, ost, len` | `.` | mem[dstOst] := mem[ost:ost+len] | salin memori dari satu area ke area lain ([EIP-5656](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-5656)) | | 5F | PUSH0 | 2 | `.` | `uint8` | | dorong nilai konstan 0 ke stack | | 60 | PUSH1 | 3 | `.` | `uint8` | | dorong nilai 1-bita ke stack | | 61 | PUSH2 | 3 | `.` | `uint16` | | dorong nilai 2-bita ke stack | | 62 | PUSH3 | 3 | `.` | `uint24` | | dorong nilai 3-bita ke stack | | 63 | PUSH4 | 3 | `.` | `uint32` | | dorong nilai 4-bita ke stack | | 64 | PUSH5 | 3 | `.` | `uint40` | | dorong nilai 5-bita ke stack | | 65 | PUSH6 | 3 | `.` | `uint48` | | dorong nilai 6-bita ke stack | | 66 | PUSH7 | 3 | `.` | `uint56` | | dorong nilai 7-bita ke stack | | 67 | PUSH8 | 3 | `.` | `uint64` | | dorong nilai 8-bita ke stack | | 68 | PUSH9 | 3 | `.` | `uint72` | | dorong nilai 9-bita ke stack | | 69 | PUSH10 | 3 | `.` | `uint80` | | dorong nilai 10-bita ke stack | | 6A | PUSH11 | 3 | `.` | `uint88` | | dorong nilai 11-bita ke stack | | 6B | PUSH12 | 3 | `.` | `uint96` | | dorong nilai 12-bita ke stack | | 6C | PUSH13 | 3 | `.` | `uint104` | | dorong nilai 13-bita ke stack | | 6D | PUSH14 | 3 | `.` | `uint112` | | dorong nilai 14-bita ke stack | | 6E | PUSH15 | 3 | `.` | `uint120` | | dorong nilai 15-bita ke stack | | 6F | PUSH16 | 3 | `.` | `uint128` | | dorong nilai 16-bita ke stack | | 70 | PUSH17 | 3 | `.` | `uint136` | | dorong nilai 17-bita ke stack | | 71 | PUSH18 | 3 | `.` | `uint144` | | dorong nilai 18-bita ke stack | | 72 | PUSH19 | 3 | `.` | `uint152` | | dorong nilai 19-bita ke stack | | 73 | PUSH20 | 3 | `.` | `uint160` | | dorong nilai 20-bita ke stack | | 74 | PUSH21 | 3 | `.` | `uint168` | | dorong nilai 21-bita ke stack | | 75 | PUSH22 | 3 | `.` | `uint176` | | dorong nilai 22-bita ke stack | | 76 | PUSH23 | 3 | `.` | `uint184` | | dorong nilai 23-bita ke stack | | 77 | PUSH24 | 3 | `.` | `uint192` | | dorong nilai 24-bita ke stack | | 78 | PUSH25 | 3 | `.` | `uint200` | | dorong nilai 25-bita ke stack | | 79 | PUSH26 | 3 | `.` | `uint208` | | dorong nilai 26-bita ke stack | | 7A | PUSH27 | 3 | `.` | `uint216` | | dorong nilai 27-bita ke stack | | 7B | PUSH28 | 3 | `.` | `uint224` | | dorong nilai 28-bita ke stack | | 7C | PUSH29 | 3 | `.` | `uint232` | | dorong nilai 29-bita ke stack | | 7D | PUSH30 | 3 | `.` | `uint240` | | dorong nilai 30-bita ke stack | | 7E | PUSH31 | 3 | `.` | `uint248` | | dorong nilai 31-bita ke stack | | 7F | PUSH32 | 3 | `.` | `uint256` | | dorong nilai 32-bita ke stack | | 80 | DUP1 | 3 | `a` | `a, a` | | kloning nilai ke-1 di stack | | 81 | DUP2 | 3 | `_, a` | `a, _, a` | | kloning nilai ke-2 di stack | | 82 | DUP3 | 3 | `_, _, a` | `a, _, _, a` | | kloning nilai ke-3 di stack | | 83 | DUP4 | 3 | `_, _, _, a` | `a, _, _, _, a` | | kloning nilai ke-4 di stack | | 84 | DUP5 | 3 | `..., a` | `a, ..., a` | | kloning nilai ke-5 di stack | | 85 | DUP6 | 3 | `..., a` | `a, ..., a` | | kloning nilai ke-6 di stack | | 86 | DUP7 | 3 | `..., a` | `a, ..., a` | | kloning nilai ke-7 di stack | | 87 | DUP8 | 3 | `..., a` | `a, ..., a` | | kloning nilai ke-8 di stack | | 88 | DUP9 | 3 | `..., a` | `a, ..., a` | | kloning nilai ke-9 di stack | | 89 | DUP10 | 3 | `..., a` | `a, ..., a` | | kloning nilai ke-10 di stack | | 8A | DUP11 | 3 | `..., a` | `a, ..., a` | | kloning nilai ke-11 di stack | | 8B | DUP12 | 3 | `..., a` | `a, ..., a` | | kloning nilai ke-12 di stack | | 8C | DUP13 | 3 | `..., a` | `a, ..., a` | | kloning nilai ke-13 di stack | | 8D | DUP14 | 3 | `..., a` | `a, ..., a` | | kloning nilai ke-14 di stack | | 8E | DUP15 | 3 | `..., a` | `a, ..., a` | | kloning nilai ke-15 di stack | | 8F | DUP16 | 3 | `..., a` | `a, ..., a` | | kloning nilai ke-16 di stack | | 90 | SWAP1 | 3 | `a, b` | `b, a` | | | 91 | SWAP2 | 3 | `a, _, b` | `b, _, a` | | | 92 | SWAP3 | 3 | `a, _, _, b` | `b, _, _, a` | | | 93 | SWAP4 | 3 | `a, _, _, _, b` | `b, _, _, _, a` | | | 94 | SWAP5 | 3 | `a, ..., b` | `b, ..., a` | | | 95 | SWAP6 | 3 | `a, ..., b` | `b, ..., a` | | | 96 | SWAP7 | 3 | `a, ..., b` | `b, ..., a` | | | 97 | SWAP8 | 3 | `a, ..., b` | `b, ..., a` | | | 98 | SWAP9 | 3 | `a, ..., b` | `b, ..., a` | | | 99 | SWAP10 | 3 | `a, ..., b` | `b, ..., a` | | | 9A | SWAP11 | 3 | `a, ..., b` | `b, ..., a` | | | 9B | SWAP12 | 3 | `a, ..., b` | `b, ..., a` | | | 9C | SWAP13 | 3 | `a, ..., b` | `b, ..., a` | | | 9D | SWAP14 | 3 | `a, ..., b` | `b, ..., a` | | | 9E | SWAP15 | 3 | `a, ..., b` | `b, ..., a` | | | 9F | SWAP16 | 3 | `a, ..., b` | `b, ..., a` | | | A0 | LOG0 | [A8](https://github.com/wolflo/evm-opcodes/blob/main/gas.md#a8-log-operations) | `ost, len` | `.` | | LOG0(memory[ost:ost+len-1]) | | A1 | LOG1 | [A8](https://github.com/wolflo/evm-opcodes/blob/main/gas.md#a8-log-operations) | `ost, len, topic0` | `.` | | LOG1(memory[ost:ost+len-1], topic0) | | A2 | LOG2 | [A8](https://github.com/wolflo/evm-opcodes/blob/main/gas.md#a8-log-operations) | `ost, len, topic0, topic1` | `.` | | LOG2(memory[ost:ost+len-1], topic0, topic1) | | A3 | LOG3 | [A8](https://github.com/wolflo/evm-opcodes/blob/main/gas.md#a8-log-operations) | `ost, len, topic0, topic1, topic2` | `.` | | LOG3(memory[ost:ost+len-1], topic0, topic1, topic2) | | A4 | LOG4 | [A8](https://github.com/wolflo/evm-opcodes/blob/main/gas.md#a8-log-operations) | `ost, len, topic0, topic1, topic2, topic3` | `.` | | LOG4(memory[ost:ost+len-1], topic0, topic1, topic2, topic3) | | A5-EF | _tidak valid_ | | F0 | CREATE | [A9](https://github.com/wolflo/evm-opcodes/blob/main/gas.md#a9-create-operations) | `val, ost, len` | `addr` | | addr = keccak256(rlp([address(this), this.nonce])) | | F1 | CALL | [AA](https://github.com/wolflo/evm-opcodes/blob/main/gas.md#aa-call-operations) | gas, addr, val, argOst, argLen, retOst, retLen | `success` | mem[retOst:retOst+retLen-1] := returndata | | F2 | CALLCODE | [AA](https://github.com/wolflo/evm-opcodes/blob/main/gas.md#aa-call-operations) | `gas, addr, val, argOst, argLen, retOst, retLen` | `success` | mem[retOst:retOst+retLen-1] = returndata | sama seperti DELEGATECALL, tetapi tidak menyebarkan msg.sender dan msg.value asli | | F3 | RETURN | 0[*](https://github.com/wolflo/evm-opcodes/blob/main/gas.md#a0-1-memory-expansion) | `ost, len` | `.` | | return mem[ost:ost+len-1] | | F4 | DELEGATECALL | [AA](https://github.com/wolflo/evm-opcodes/blob/main/gas.md#aa-call-operations) | `gas, addr, argOst, argLen, retOst, retLen` | `success` | mem[retOst:retOst+retLen-1] := returndata | | F5 | CREATE2 | [A9](https://github.com/wolflo/evm-opcodes/blob/main/gas.md#a9-create-operations) | `val, ost, len, salt` | `addr` | | addr = keccak256(0xff ++ address(this) ++ salt ++ keccak256(mem[ost:ost+len-1]))[12:] | | F6-F9 | _tidak valid_ | | FA | STATICCALL | [AA](https://github.com/wolflo/evm-opcodes/blob/main/gas.md#aa-call-operations) | `gas, addr, argOst, argLen, retOst, retLen` | `success` | mem[retOst:retOst+retLen-1] := returndata | | FB-FC | _tidak valid_ | | FD | REVERT | 0[*](https://github.com/wolflo/evm-opcodes/blob/main/gas.md#a0-1-memory-expansion) | `ost, len` | `.` | | revert(mem[ost:ost+len-1]) | | FE | INVALID | [AF](https://github.com/wolflo/evm-opcodes/blob/main/gas.md#af-invalid) | | | opcode tidak valid yang ditetapkan - [EIP-141](https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-141) | | | FF | SELFDESTRUCT | [AB](https://github.com/wolflo/evm-opcodes/blob/main/gas.md#ab-selfdestruct) | `addr` | `.` | | mengirimkan semua ETH ke `addr`; jika dieksekusi dalam transaksi yang sama saat kontrak dibuat, ini akan menghancurkan kontrak tersebut |