---
title: "使用 ethers.js 发送代币"
description: "适合初学者的使用 ethers.js 发送代币指南。"
author: "金容俊"
tags:
  - ETHERS.JS
  - ERC-20
  - 代币
skill: beginner
breadcrumb: "发送代币"
lang: zh
published: 2021-04-06
---

## 使用 ethers.js (5.0) 发送代币 {#send-token}

### 在本教程中，你将学习如何 {#you-learn-about}

- 导入 ethers.js
- 转账代币
- 根据网络拥堵情况设置 Gas 价格

### 准备工作 {#to-get-started}

首先，我们必须将 ethers.js 库导入到我们的 JavaScript 中
引入 ethers.js v5
### 安装 {#install-ethersjs}

```shell
/home/ricmoo> npm install --save ethers
```

浏览器中的 ES6

```html
<script type="module">
  import { ethers } from "https://cdn.ethers.io/lib/ethers-5.0.esm.min.js"
  // 在此处编写您的代码...
</script>
```

浏览器中的 ES3 (UMD)

```html
<script
  src="https://cdn.ethers.io/lib/ethers-5.0.umd.min.js"
  type="application/javascript"
></script>
```

### 参数 {#param}

1. **`contract_address`**：代币合约地址（当你要转账的代币不是以太币时，需要合约地址）
2. **`send_token_amount`**：你要发送给接收者的金额
3. **`to_address`**：接收者的地址
4. **`send_account`**：发送者的地址
5. **`private_key`**：发送者的私钥，用于签署交易并实际转账代币

## 注意 {#notice}

移除了 `signTransaction(tx)`，因为 `sendTransaction()` 会在内部执行此操作。

## 发送步骤 {#procedure}

### 1. 连接到网络（测试网） {#connect-to-network}

#### 设置提供者 (Infura) {#set-provider}

连接到 Ropsten 测试网

```javascript
window.ethersProvider = new ethers.providers.InfuraProvider("ropsten")
```

### 2. 创建钱包 {#create-wallet}

```javascript
let wallet = new ethers.Wallet(private_key)
```

### 3. 将钱包连接到网络 {#connect-wallet-to-net}

```javascript
let walletSigner = wallet.connect(window.ethersProvider)
```

### 4. 获取当前 Gas 价格 {#get-gas}

```javascript
window.ethersProvider.getGasPrice() // Gas 价格
```

### 5. 定义交易 {#define-transaction}

下面定义的这些变量依赖于 `send_token()`

### 交易参数 {#transaction-params}

1. **`send_account`**：代币发送者的地址
2. **`to_address`**：代币接收者的地址
3. **`send_token_amount`**：要发送的代币数量
4. **`gas_limit`**：gas 上限
5. **`gas_price`**：Gas 价格

[有关如何使用，请参见下文](#how-to-use)

```javascript
const tx = {
  from: send_account,
  to: to_address,
  value: ethers.utils.parseEther(send_token_amount),
  nonce: window.ethersProvider.getTransactionCount(send_account, "latest"),
  gasLimit: ethers.utils.hexlify(gas_limit), // 100000
  gasPrice: gas_price,
}
```

### 6. 转账 {#transfer}

```javascript
walletSigner.sendTransaction(tx).then((transaction) => {
  console.dir(transaction)
  alert("Send finished!")
})
```

## 如何使用 {#how-to-use}

```javascript
let private_key =
  "41559d28e936dc92104ff30691519693fc753ffbee6251a611b9aa1878f12a4d"
let send_token_amount = "1"
let to_address = "0x4c10D2734Fb76D3236E522509181CC3Ba8DE0e80"
let send_address = "0xda27a282B5B6c5229699891CfA6b900A716539E6"
let gas_limit = "0x100000"
let wallet = new ethers.Wallet(private_key)
let walletSigner = wallet.connect(window.ethersProvider)
let contract_address = ""
window.ethersProvider = new ethers.providers.InfuraProvider("ropsten")

send_token(
  contract_address,
  send_token_amount,
  to_address,
  send_address,
  private_key
)
```

### 成功！ {#success}

![image of transaction done successfully](./successful-transaction.png)

## send_token() {#send-token-method}

```javascript
function send_token(
  contract_address,
  send_token_amount,
  to_address,
  send_account,
  private_key
) {
  let wallet = new ethers.Wallet(private_key)
  let walletSigner = wallet.connect(window.ethersProvider)

  window.ethersProvider.getGasPrice().then((currentGasPrice) => {
    let gas_price = ethers.utils.hexlify(parseInt(currentGasPrice))
    console.log(`gas_price: ${gas_price}`)

    if (contract_address) {
      // 常规代币发送
      let contract = new ethers.Contract(
        contract_address,
        send_abi,
        walletSigner
      )

      // 多少代币？
      let numberOfTokens = ethers.utils.parseUnits(send_token_amount, 18)
      console.log(`numberOfTokens: ${numberOfTokens}`)

      // 发送代币
      contract.transfer(to_address, numberOfTokens).then((transferResult) => {
        console.dir(transferResult)
        alert("sent token")
      })
    } // 以太币发送
    else {
      const tx = {
        from: send_account,
        to: to_address,
        value: ethers.utils.parseEther(send_token_amount),
        nonce: window.ethersProvider.getTransactionCount(
          send_account,
          "latest"
        ),
        gasLimit: ethers.utils.hexlify(gas_limit), // 100000
        gasPrice: gas_price,
      }
      console.dir(tx)
      try {
        walletSigner.sendTransaction(tx).then((transaction) => {
          console.dir(transaction)
          alert("Send finished!")
        })
      } catch (error) {
        alert("failed to send!!")
      }
    }
  })
}
```