什么是以太坊?
我们数字未来的基石
关于以太坊运作方式、以太坊优势以及全世界数百万人使用以太坊的案例的完整初学者指南。

概览
以太坊是数千个应用程序和区块链的主要平台,它们都由以太坊协议提供支持。
这个充满活力的生态系统推动创新并提供各种去中心化应用程序与服务。
- Free and global Ethereum accounts
- Pseudo-private, no personal information needed
- Without restrictions anyone can participate
- No company owns Ethereum or decides its future
以太坊能做什么?
属于所有人的银行服务
不是每个人都能使用金融服务。但是只要你有网络,就可以访问以太坊以及基于它构建的借贷与储蓄产品。
开放式网络
任何人都可以和以太坊网络交互或者在上面构建应用程序。这样,你就可以管控自己的资产和身份信息,而不是让少数大公司管控。
P2P网络
在以太坊上,你可以和其他人协作、达成协议并直接传输数字资产。不需要依靠任何中间商。
抗审查性
以太坊不受任何政府或公司的管控。去中心化保障你在以太坊上获得付款或使用服务的权力不容他人干涉。
商业保障
用户有一种安全的、内置保障机制,仅当用户表示同意后,资金才能够转手。同样,开发者可以确信相关规则将不会变化。
可组合产品
所有应用程序都在同一条区块链上构建,都有一个共享全局状态,这就意味着它们之间可以互为构建基础(类似于乐高积木)。而这也为我们提供了更好的产品和体验,确保没有人能够删除应用程序所依靠的任何工具。
我为什么要使用以太坊?
如果你想用更具复原力、更加开放和更加可信的方式来进行全球协作、创建组织、构建应用程序和分享价值,以太坊就是你的菜。以太坊是我们大家共同书写的故事,所以来吧,来探索我们能够共同用以太坊创建的那些神奇世界。
对于那些由于无法控制的外部力量而不得不处理与其资产的安全性、稳健性或移动性相关的不确定因素的人来说,以太坊也是极有价值的。

谁在运行以太坊?
Ethereum is not controlled by any particular entity. It exists whenever there are connected computers running software following the Ethereum protocol and adding to the Ethereum . Each of these computers is known as a node. Nodes can be run by anyone, although to participate in securing the network you have to ETH (Ethereum’s native token). Anyone with 32 ETH can do this without needing permission.
Even the Ethereum source code is not produced by a single entity. Anyone can suggest changes to the protocol and discuss upgrades. There are several implementations of the Ethereum protocol that are produced by independent organizations in several programming languages, and they are usually built in the open and encourage community contributions.

什么是智能合约?
Smart contracts are computer programs living on the Ethereum blockchain. They execute when triggered by a transaction from a user. They make Ethereum very flexible in what it can do. These programs act as building blocks for decentralized apps and organizations.
Have you ever used a product that changed its terms of service? Or removed a feature you found useful? Once a smart contract is published to Ethereum, it will be online and operational for as long as Ethereum exists. Not even the author can take it down. Since smart contracts are automated, they do not discriminate against any user and are always ready to use.
Popular examples of smart contracts are lending apps, decentralized trading exchanges, insurance, quadratic funding, social networks, - basically anything you can think of.
以太坊的能源消耗如何?
On September 15, 2022, Ethereum went through The Merge upgrade which transitioned Ethereum from to .
The Merge was Ethereum's biggest upgrade and reduced the energy consumption required to secure Ethereum by 99.95%, creating a more secure network for a much smaller carbon cost. Ethereum is now a low-carbon blockchain while boosting its security and scalability.

我听说加密货币被充当犯罪活动的工具。这是真的?
像任何技术一样,加密货币有时会被滥用。然而,由于所有以太坊交易都发生在开放的区块链上,与传统金融系统中相比,监管机构通常更容易追踪非法活动,可以说,以太坊对于那些宁愿不被发现的人来说吸引力较小。
根据欧盟执法合作署暨欧洲刑警组织最近一份报告的主要调查结果称,用于犯罪目的加密货币要远远低于法定货币:
“将加密货币用于非法活动似乎只占整个加密货币经济的一小部分,而且似乎比传统金融中涉及的非法资金数量要少。”

以太坊与比特币有什么不同?
以太坊立足比特币创新之上,于 2015 年启动,两者之间有一些显著不同。
Both let you use digital money without payment providers or banks. But Ethereum is programmable, so you can also build and deploy decentralized applications on its network.
比特币使我们能够互通基本信息,了解我们认为有价值的东西。在没有权威的情况,确定价值就已经很强大了。以太坊则更进一步,不仅可以互通信息,用户还能编写任何常规程序或合约。可以创建和达成共识的合约种类没有限制,因此以太坊网络上时常出现重大创新。
比特币只是一个支付网络,而以太坊更像是一个金融服务、游戏、社交网络和其他应用程序的市场。