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Pooled staking

  • Stake and earn rewards with any amount of ETH by joining forces with others
  • Skip the hard part and entrust validator operation to a third-party
  • Hold staking tokens in your own wallet

What are staking pools?

Staking pools are a collaborative approach to allow many with smaller amounts of ETH to obtain the 32 ETH required to activate a set of validator keys. Pooling functionality is not natively supported within the protocol, so solutions were built out separately to address this need.

Some pools operate using smart contracts, where funds can be deposited to a contract, which trustlessly manages and tracks your stake, and issues you a token that represents this value. Other pools may not involve smart contracts and are instead mediated offchain.

Why stake with a pool?

In addition to the benefits we outlined in our intro to staking, staking with a pool comes with a number of distinct benefits.

Low barrier to entry

Not a whale? No problem. Most staking pools let you stake virtually any amount of ETH by joining forces with other stakers, unlike staking solo which requires 32 ETH.

Stake today

Staking with a pool is as easy as a token swap. No need to worry about hardware setup and node maintenance. Pools allow you to deposit your ETH which enables node operators to run validators. Rewards are then distributed to contributors minus a fee for node operations.

Staking tokens

Many staking pools provide a token that represents a claim on your staked ETH and the rewards it generates. This allows you to make use of your staked ETH, e.g. as collateral in DeFi applications.

다른 옵션과 비교

솔로 스테이킹

풀 스테이킹은 솔로 스테이킹에 비해 진입 장벽은 현저하게 낮지만, 모든 노드 운영을 제3자에게 위임하고 수수료를 지불해야 하는 추가 위험이 따릅니다. 솔로 스테이킹은 스테이킹 설정을 선택하는 데 필요한 선택에 대한 완전한 주권 및 제어를 제공합니다. 스테이커는 키를 넘겨줄 필요가 없으며 중개자가 삭감하는 일 없이 완전히 보상을 받습니다.

솔로 스테이킹에 대해 자세히 알아보기

서비스로서 스테이킹(SaaS)

이는 스테이커가 검증자 소프트웨어를 자체적으로 실행하지 않는다는 점에서 유사하지만, 풀링 옵션과 달리 SaaS는 검증자를 활성화하기 위해 전체 32 ETH 예치금을 요구합니다. 보상은 스테이커에게 누적되며 일반적으로 서비스를 사용하기 위한 월 수수료 또는 기타 지분이 포함됩니다. 자체 검증자 키를 선호하고 최소 32 ETH를 스테이킹하려는 경우에는 SaaS 제공 업체를 이용하는 것이 합당한 옵션일 수 있습니다.

서비스로서 스테이킹에 대해 자세히 알아보기

What to consider

Pooled or delegated staking is not natively supported by the Ethereum protocol, but given the demand for users to stake less than 32 ETH a growing number of solutions have been built out to serve this demand.

Each pool and the tools or smart contracts they use have been built out by different teams, and each comes with benefits and risks. Pools enable users to swap their ETH for a token representing staked ETH. The token is useful because it allows users to swap any amount of ETH to an equivalent amount of a yield-bearing token that generates a return from the staking rewards applied to the underlying staked ETH (and vice versa) on decentralized exchanges even though the actual ETH stays staked on the consensus layer. This means swaps back and forth from a yield-bearing staked-ETH product and "raw ETH" is quick, easy and not only available in multiples of 32 ETH.

However, these staked-ETH tokens tend to create cartel-like behaviors where a large amount of staked ETH ends up under the control of a few centralized organizations rather than spread across many independent individuals. This creates conditions for censorship or value extraction. The gold standard for staking should always be individuals running validators on their own hardware whenever possible.

More on risks of staking tokens(opens in a new tab).

Attribute indicators are used below to signal notable strengths or weaknesses a listed staking pool may have. Use this section as a reference for how we define these attributes while you're choosing a pool to join.

오픈 소스

필수 코드는 100% 오픈 소스로, 대중이 포크하여 사용할 수 있습니다.

오픈 소스

비공개 소스

Explore staking pools

There are a variety of options available to help you with your setup. Use the above indicators to help guide you through the tools below.

उत्पादने आणि सेवा Ethereum समुदायासाठी एक सुविधा म्हणून सूचीबद्ध आहेत. ethereum.org वेबसाइट टीम किंवा Ethereum फाउंडेशन कडून उत्पादन किंवा सेवेचा समावेश पुष्टीकरण दर्शवत नाही.

Please note the importance of choosing a service that takes client diversity seriously, as it improves the security of the network, and limits your risk. Services that have evidence of limiting majority client use are indicated with "execution client diversity" and "consensus client diversity."

Have a suggestion for a staking tool we missed? Check out our product listing policy to see if it would be a good fit, and to submit it for review.

Frequently asked questions

Further reading

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